electrialstandards

Many people forgets the bathroom and toilet lamps in ON state, absolutely this causes increasing electric bill and even decrease lamps lifespan. This circuit is a simple way to turning ON and OFF the bathroom or toilet lamp automatically without using microcontroller. The circuit based on the counter IC4017 and laser. when a person go to bathroom his body cut the laser ray that is focused on the LDR in another side of the door frame, connecting and disconnecting the laser ray changed the LDR electric resistance and giving a positive signal to pin14 of the IC4017 through transistor 2N2222, since pin4 jumped to reset pin (pin15) so the output selector will be changed between pin3 and pin2. Pin3 run the transistor to running the relay. Two LEDs showing ON state and OFF state. 330 ohm resistor used to LEDs protection by giving 15mA current to them. You can use any other NPN transistor rather than 2N2222 such as BC547, C9013, 2N5551, etc.  This circuit is suitable for light switching fo...

New fridge models contain an alarm to notice door leaves open, it prevent energy losing. This circuit is a simple fridge door alarm that active when the fridges door leaves open for 15 seconds, this delay time depend on 10uF capacitor so you can increase this delay time by increasing the capacitor value. Alarm sound frequency depend on second capacitor value. The circuit run with 9v battery and draw 40mA when the alarm is active and lower than 10mA when it is in standby state. Its better to use a rechargeable 9v battery. Parts list: IC555 (2pcs) Buzzer LDR Resistor 1M Resistor 1.5M Resistor 100K Capacitor 10uF Capacitor 220nF Battery 9v

This circuit is an electric zapper that can convert 1.5v to very high voltage, so it can used as a fly killer. you have to connect two thin metal grid to the output exactly look like to commercial fly zapper. output voltage can reach to more than 2000v. You can use almost any other PNP transistor rather than S8550 and any other NPN transistor rather than S9013. The circuit run with 1.5v and consume 40mA to 100mA. Parts list: Transistor S9013 Transistor S8550 Resistor 30K Capacitor 100nF Capacitor 2uF 400v (8pcs) Diode 1N5408 (8pcs) Transformer 6v Battery 1.5v  Two thin metal grid

This is a very useful timer that can run 110/220v AC load up to 10A. This circuit give 5 time periods from 1 minute to 60 minutes, you have to select the time by time selector switch then press START to activating the relay for running the AC load and turning OFF the load after selected time automatically.  Maximum time period in this timer is 60 minutes but if you need to higher period so you have to increase the value of 470uF capacitor or 4M resistor to higher value.  If you need this timer for DC loads so can use second circuit diagram. Parts list: IC 555 Transistor 2N5551 Relay 12v Red LED Green LED Push switch  Selector switch Diode 1N4007 Bridge diode 1A Zener diode 12v 1W Capacitor 470nF 400v Capacitor 220uF 16v Capacitor 100nF Capacitor 470uF 16v Resistor 270 ohm 2W Resistor 30K Resistor 1K(3pcs) Resistor 100K Resistor 500K Resistor 1.5M Resistor 2M Resistor 4M

This circuit is a simple power inverter that convert 1.5v to high voltage. output voltage is lower than 150v but can run a small 220v AC lamp (not full luminance).  I test it to running a 5W LED lamp. the circuit draw about 100mA to 200mA from the battery. you can see how it work in following video. Parts list: Transistor BC547 Transistor BD140 Transformer 220v:6v Capacitor 100nF Resistor 30K Note: Since the output voltage have high frequency so maybe harmful for multimeter voltage tester.

There are different elements to electronic temperature measuring such as LM35, NTC, PTC, 18B20 and even diode 1N4148, some of them have very high precision in temp. measuring and some other have low precision and used only for detect if the temperature is cold or hot. Following circuit is simple way to using NTC, when the temperature raise over a certain temp.(more than 41C when the potentiometer set in mid level ) NTC's  electric resistance decreased and run the transistor for running the buzzer or any other load. Potentiometer using for set the temperature level that buzzer active. you can use any other NPN transistor for this circuit. The circuit works by 5v and consume lower than 10mA when the buzzer be turn ON. Parts list: Transistor S9013 NTC 10K Buzzer Potentiometer 1K Resistor 470 ohm

By this circuit you can turn ON and OFF an electric appliance up to 10A by any IR remote control such as remote control of TV, satellite, air conditioner ... etc. Red LED run when the load is turn OFF, it help you to find the switch position in dark. I put here two circuits, they are similar but the first contain a transformerless power supply circuit to convert 220v to 12v and 5v for running the 12v relay and the IC, but the second circuit is easier to make because used a 5v mobile charger to running the circuits by 220v. Parts list: IC 4017 IC 7805 Transistor 2N2222 Transistor S9012 Diode 1N4007 Bridge diode 1A Zener diode 12v 1w LED IR receiver 1838A Capaciror 470nF 400v Capacitor 220uF 16v Capacitor 0.47uF Resistor 270 ohm 2w Resistor 1K Resistor 100K Resistor 47 ohm Resistor 220 ohm Relay 12v

This is second 220v touch switch that i made. the first one was made by IC4011. Touching plate completely insulated from the main supply and can't be dangerous. Red LED allowing you easily to locate the switch in the dark, it be turn OFF when the AC lamp running ON. The touching plate must touch for 1 second for turning the load ON or OFF. You can't use very big touching plate for this circuit and the wire of touching plate must be short as possible. This circuit can run up to 10A load. Parts list: IC555 Bridge diode 1A Diode 1N4007 Zener diode 12v 1W Transistor 2N2222 Relay 12v LED Resistor 1K Resistor10K(3pcs) Resistor 270ohm 2W Capacitor 220uF 16v Capacitor470nF 400v Capacitor 47uF Note: Don't touch the circuit when it connected to the main voltage, even after power separating there are some remaining voltage in the capacitor that can give you shock.

This circuit is a simple LED chaser, (Bike Turning Signal Circuit) used IC 555 and 5 transistors. Here we used IC 555 as astable multivibrator to running the transistors. Flashing speed depend on both capacitors. 1K resistors used for each LED as protection. The circuit run with 12v and draw 40mA current when all LEDs be turn ON. Parts list: IC555 LEDs(5pcs) Transistor S9013(5pcs) Diode 1N4148 Capacitor 470uF Capacitor 100uF Resistor 1K (6pcs) Resistor 4.7K (2pcs) Resistor 10K (2pcs) Resistor 680 ohm

Some games need to pick a random number. this circuit is a roulette with touch switch using IC4017 and IC555. When you touch the wires, LEDs moving speed up and when release them slow down and stop on a number. Flashing speed of LEDs depend on 1uF capacitor and time period between LEDs speed up and stopping depend on 0.47uF capacitor, so you can changes them by other value if you want to change that speed. You can run this circuit by 5 to 12v and power consumption is very low (lower than 10mA). Parts list: IC4017 IC555 Transistor BC557 Capacitor 1uF Capacitor 0.47uF Capacitor 100nF Resistor 3.9M (3 pcs) Resistor 1K Resistor 13K Resistor 330R ohm for 5v power supply 680 ohm for 12v power supply LEDs (10 pcs)

This is a wireless power transmitter that used IC 555 and power transistor. I used it for running 36 white LEDs. You can use any other NPN power transistor instead of 13003. Both coils are 30 turns enamelled wire 30 SWG with 5cm diameter. 10 ohm resistor that placed between base of transistor and pin3 of IC, can replaced by 5 to 75 ohm resistor or jumped, if you jumped it the max. distance range between two coils increased.(power consumption also increased) The circuit run by 3v battery and power consumption is 80 to 270mA. Parts list: IC555 Transistor 13003 Coils 30 turns, 5cm diameter, 30 SWG wire Capacitor 3.3nF Capacitor 47nF Resistor 1k Resistor  10 ohm Resistor 10k LEDs Battery 3v

This is simple phone ringer circuit using IC 4060. Can run it by 5 to 12v and its power consumption is very low, lower than 10mA. You can use any other PNP transistor rather than S9012. Parts list: IC 4060 Transistor S9012(3pcs) Capacitor 3.3nF Resistor 13k (3pcs) Resistor 100k Potentiometer 100k Buzzer

This is a beautiful sequential LED flasher (LED chaser) that also called KNIGHT READER CIRCUIT. Flashing speed can changed by changing the value of capacitor or 33K resistor.  The circuit run by 5v and draw very low current lower than 10mA. You can run the circuit by 12v battery but you have use 1K resistor rather than 470ohm resistor to LED protection. Parts list: IC4017 IC555 Resistor 470 ohm Resistor 33K Diode 1N4148(8pcs) Capacitor 2.2uF LEDs(11pcs)  

By this circuit you can run 3 to 36v LED or other DC load by touch. the circuit used only one touching plate, its better to use small size plate such as 1cm x 1cm aluminum foil. 1 kilo ohm resistor must used when the power supply is more than 15 or 18v, for limiting the voltage of IC4011. Touching time for turning ON or OFF must be lower than 1 second. You can make this circuit for AC load. Parts list: IC4011 NPN power transistor Transistor S9013 Diode 1N4148 Resistor 100K(2pcs) Resistor 1K Resistor 8.2K  Capacitor 100nF Capacitor 2.2uF 16v Power LED 3 to 36v

LED chasers that using IC4017 always contain a timer ic for making clock pulse, but this circuit used a flashing RGB LED as a pulse source, so this is simplest, smallest and cheapest LED chaser with 10 LEDs. This circuit can run with 9v battery and draw only 20mA.  Parts list: IC4017 LEDs(10pcs) Flashing LED Resistor 470 ohm Resistor 330 ohm Battery 9v

By this circuit you can turn ON-OFF an electric appliance up to 10A by touch.  You can use any other NPN transistor rather than S9013. Its better to use small plate for touching plate such as 1cm x 1cm. Touching time for turning ON or OFF the load must be lower than 1 second. Parts list: IC 4011 Transistor S9013(2pcs) Diode 1N4148 Diode1N4007 Zener diode 12v 1W Bridge diode 1A Relay 12v Capacitor 470nF 400v Capacitor 220uF 35v Capacitor 2.2uF 16v Capacitor 100nF Resistor 100k(2pcs) Resistor 270 ohm 1W Resistor 8.2k Note: Don't touch the circuit when it connected to electric line (exception certain touch plate).

This circuit help you to indicate existing letters in mailbox without opening the box's door. the circuit based on IC555 and using infrared ray. When postman put a letter in the mailbox, the letter cuts the IR ray between IR transmitter and photo-transistor and turn the transistor S9013 ON that connected to pin2 so pin3 of the IC555 become 1 and run the 7-segment display that set to show POST word. but when no letter in the mailbox the 7-segment show 4 dots (. . . .). When you take your letter from mailbox you have to pushing  RESET button or touch pin6. Power consumption of the circuit is very low, about 10mA to 20mA and can run with a small 9v battery. Parts list: IC 555 Transistor S9013 Transistor S9012 IR LED Phototransistor 1 digit 7-segment- common cathode(4pcs) Note: you can use only four 1digit seven segment and can't use one 4digit seven segment.

Flasher circuits usually using 2 transistors or IC, but this circuit used a RGB flashing LED as flashing pulse generation. You can use any other NPN transistor but must pay attention to its max. switching current, according to current of LED(load) . Parts list: RGB flashing LED Transistor S8050 Resistor 100 ohm Resistor 1k Power LED 12v

This circuit is an LED flashlight that can run with 1.5 volt AAA battery. this circuit is easiest for beginners because the coil is available in CFL lamps circuit and don't need to make that. I used it for running 20 white LEDs, you can add more. By 20LEDs it draw about 100 to 200mA current from battery. Minimum voltage that need to run LEDs by this circuit is about 0.9v. I test this circuit with different coils and i find the circuit works perfectly with almost all ferrite coils , so you can make that with any available ferrite coil and maybe give better results. Parts list: White LED(20pcs) Transistor S9012 Transistor S9013 Coil 100uH Capacitor 500pF  Capacitor 220uF 10v Resistor 5.6k Resistor 10k Resistor 100 ohm 1.5v AAA battery The following picture show you the coil that available in each CFL lamp, the big coil  in right side give you better result than that circular small coil and maybe can run more than 100 LEDs easily.

There are some electric appliances that must turn ON-OFF together in same time, for example TV and satellite or monitor and computer case,...etc, but sometime you forget one of them. By this circuit when you run the TV, the satellite turns on automatically and when you turns off the TV the satellite turns off automatically. The circuit is very simple, when an electric appliance with power consumption more than 10W running, the voltage through diodes 1N5408 increased and the optocoupler runs the relay for switching the second device. You can use this circuit for any other devices such as desktop computer parts. It help to electric consumption optimization. Parts list: Diode 1N5408(3pcs) Diode 1N4007 Zener diode 24v 1W Bridge diode 1A Optocoupler PC 817 Relay 12v Resistor 270 ohm 1W Capacitor 470nF 250v Capacitor 100uF 50v Capacitor 22uF 25v